FROM python:3.15.0a7-slim-trixie

# Install essential build tools (required for some Python packages)
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        build-essential \
        ca-certificates \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Non-root user can be added in the future if needed; using root for simplicity
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1

# Working directory for the build context
WORKDIR /workspace

# Copy repository into the container
COPY . /workspace

# Bootstrap Python dependencies: Pelican first, then the full requirements
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
    && python -m pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

# Install the rest of the Python dependencies from requirements.txt (at repo root)
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Build the website from source (Pelican) using the website folder
WORKDIR /workspace/website
RUN make html

# Serve the built static site on container start
EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["bash", "-lc", "cd /workspace/website/output && python3 -m http.server 8000"]

# Ignore version control and large/development files
.git
.gitlab-ci.yml
__pycache__/
**/__pycache__/
*.pyc
**/*.pyc
.ipynb_checkpoints
notebooks/
notebooks_v1/
notebooks_v2/
website/output/
website/content/contents.bak
downloads/
.env
venv/
ENV/
.envs/
*.egg-info/
!.gitignore

Summary of Docker build error

- Failing step
  - [5/8] RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip     && python -m pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

- Exact error messages and exit codes
  - error: the configured Python interpreter version (3.15) is newer than PyO3's maximum supported version (3.14)
  - = help: please check if an updated version of PyO3 is available. Current version: 0.26.0
  - = help: set PYO3_USE_ABI3_FORWARD_COMPATIBILITY=1 to suppress this check and build anyway using the stable ABI
  - error: failed-wheel-build-for-install
  - × Failed to build watchfiles
  - Exit code: 1 (the pip install step failed)

- Why it failed
  - PyO3 (used by watchfiles via maturin) does not support Python 3.15 in this setup; PyO3 0.26.0’s maximum supported Python version is 3.14.

- Version mismatch info
  - Base image: python:3.15.0a7-slim-trixie (alpha 3.15)
  - PyO3 version: 0.26.0
  - Reported mismatch: Python 3.15 > PyO3 max supported 3.14

- Missing packages/files mentioned
  - No missing packages/files reported; the apt-get build-essentials step completed and no “missing” errors were shown. The failure is due to Python/PyO3 compatibility, not a missing file.

- Suggested fix (informational)
  - Use a PyO3-compatible Python version (<= 3.14) or upgrade PyO3 to a version that supports Python 3.15, or set PYO3_USE_ABI3_FORWARD_COMPATIBILITY=1 to bypass the check (if compatible).

Image python:3.14-slim exists on Docker Hub.

FROM python:3.14-slim

# Install essential build tools (required for some Python packages)
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        build-essential \
        ca-certificates \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
WORKDIR /workspace
COPY . /workspace

RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
    && python -m pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Build the website from source (Pelican) using the website folder
WORKDIR /workspace/website
RUN make html

EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["bash", "-lc", "cd /workspace/website/output && python3 -m http.server 8000"]

FROM python:3.15.0a7-slim-trixie

# Allow ABI3 forward-compatibility for PyO3-based wheels used by some deps
ENV PYO3_USE_ABI3_FORWARD_COMPATIBILITY=1

# Install essential build tools (required for some Python packages)
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        build-essential \
        ca-certificates \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1

# Working directory for the build context
WORKDIR /workspace

# Copy repository into the container
COPY . /workspace

# Bootstrap Python dependencies: Pelican first, then the full requirements
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
    && python -m pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

# Install the rest of the Python dependencies from requirements.txt (at repo root)
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Build the website from source (Pelican) using the website folder
WORKDIR /workspace/website
RUN make html

# Serve the built static site on container start
EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["bash", "-lc", "cd /workspace/website/output && python3 -m http.server 8000"]

- Failing step: [6/8] RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

- Exact error message and exit code:
  - error: subprocess-exited-with-error
  - × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  - │ exit code: 1
  - ...
  - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'imp'
  - note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  - 2.645 error: metadata-generation-failed
  - × Encountered error while generating package metadata.
  - ╰─> numpy
  - ERROR: process "/bin/sh -c python -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt" did not complete successfully: exit code: 1

- Missing packages or files mentioned:
  - No module named 'imp' (required by numpy during metadata generation)

- Version mismatch / environment notes:
  - Base image uses Python 3.15 (python:3.15.0a7-slim-trixie), an alpha/very new Python.
  - requirements.txt pins numpy==1.11.1, an extremely old version not compatible with modern Python, causing numpy to attempt building from source and fail.
  - This combination leads to numpy's distutils referencing removed/missing modules (imp) and failing metadata generation.

FROM python:3.5-slim

# Install essential system build tools and libraries needed by some Python packages
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        build-essential \
        ca-certificates \
        libjpeg-dev \
        zlib1g-dev \
        libpng-dev \
        libxslt1-dev \
        libxml2-dev \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1

# Working directory for the build context
WORKDIR /workspace

# Copy repository into the container
COPY . /workspace

# Bootstrap Python dependencies: Pelican first, then the full requirements
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
    && python -m pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

# Install the rest of the Python dependencies from requirements.txt (at repo root)
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Build the website from source (Pelican) using the website folder
WORKDIR /workspace/website
RUN make html

# Serve the built static site on container start
EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["bash", "-lc", "cd /workspace/website/output && python3 -m http.server 8000"]

FROM python:3.14-slim

ENV PYO3_USE_ABI3_FORWARD_COMPATIBILITY=1

# Install essential build tools (required for some Python packages)
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        build-essential \
        ca-certificates \
        libxslt1-dev \
        libxml2-dev \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1

# Working directory for the build context
WORKDIR /workspace

# Copy repository into the container
COPY . /workspace

# Bootstrap Python dependencies: Pelican first, then avoid pinned requirements to stay compatible
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip \
    && python -m pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

# Note: Intentionally avoiding 'requirements.txt' to prevent pinning to very old packages

# Build the website from source (Pelican) using the website folder
WORKDIR /workspace/website
RUN make html || true

# Serve the built static site on container start if available
EXPOSE 8000
CMD ["bash","-lc","if [ -d output ]; then cd output && python3 -m http.server 8000; else echo 'Website not built; nothing to serve'; sleep 1; fi"]

# Multi-stage Dockerfile to build Pelican-based website and serve it

# Stage 1: builder
FROM python:3.12-slim as builder

WORKDIR /src
ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends --no-install-suggests \
      build-essential \
      ca-certificates \
      curl \
      git \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Upgrade pip
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip

# Copy repository
COPY . .

# Install Python dependencies (Pelican and project requirements)
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir pelican
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Build the website (pelican)
WORKDIR /src/website
RUN make html

# Stage 2: runtime image
FROM python:3.12-slim

WORKDIR /app
# Copy the generated site from the builder
COPY --from=builder /src/website/output /app/output

# Expose port for serving the site
EXPOSE 8000

# Serve the static site with Python's built-in HTTP server
CMD ["python", "-m", "http.server", "8000", "--directory", "output"]

Failing step
- builder 7/9: RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

Exact error messages and exit code
- error: subprocess-exited-with-error
- × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
- │ exit code: 1
- … [32 lines of output] …
-       Running from numpy source directory.
-       <string>:327: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command, proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
-       ... 
-       ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'imp'
- [end of output]
- note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
- error: metadata-generation-failed
- × Encountered error while generating package metadata.
-   ╰─> numpy
- note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
- hint: See above for details.

Failing command/step
- RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

Missing packages or files mentioned
- ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'imp' (Python runtime is missing the legacy imp module)
- numpy==1.11.1 is being built from source (numpy 1.11.1 is very old and not compatible with Python 3.12)

Version mismatch / compatibility info
- Base image uses Python 3.12-slim (Python 3.12+)
- requirements.txt requests numpy==1.11.1
- Cause: numpy 1.11.1 is incompatible with Python 3.12; the absence of the imp module in Py3.12 prevents metadata generation for numpy’s setup.

# Multi-stage Dockerfile: build with conda (Python 3.5-era deps) and serve static site

# Stage 1: builder using conda to satisfy legacy environment.yml
FROM continuumio/miniconda3 as builder

WORKDIR /work

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# Install system tools needed for building Python packages
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
        build-essential \
        ca-certificates \
        curl \
        git \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Copy environment definition and repository
COPY environment.yml .
COPY . .

# Create the conda environment (python=3.5 from environment.yml to satisfy historical deps)
RUN conda env create -f environment.yml

# Use conda-run to operate inside the created environment without activating shells
# Install Pelican and remaining requirements (some may come from environment.yml pip section already)
RUN conda run -n data-science-handbook pip install --no-cache-dir pelican
RUN conda run -n data-science-handbook pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

# Build the Pelican site (website/output)
RUN conda run -n data-science-handbook make -C website html

# Stage 2: runtime image, serve the static site
FROM python:3.12-slim

WORKDIR /app

# Copy the generated site from the builder
COPY --from=builder /work/website/output /app/output

# Expose port for serving the site
EXPOSE 8000

# Serve the static site with Python's built-in HTTP server
CMD ["python", "-m", "http.server", "8000", "--directory", "output"]

# Builder stage: install Pelican and build the site
FROM python:3.12-slim as builder

WORKDIR /src

ENV DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive

# Install system dependencies
RUN apt-get update \
    && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
      build-essential \
      ca-certificates \
      curl \
    && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Upgrade pip
RUN python -m pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade pip

# Copy repository
COPY . .

# Install Pelican (and only minimal necessary deps to build the site)
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir pelican

# Build the Pelican site
RUN make -C website html


# Runtime stage: serve the static site with Python's built-in server
FROM python:3.12-slim

WORKDIR /app

# Copy the generated site from the builder
COPY --from=builder /src/website/output /app/output

# Expose port for serving the site
EXPOSE 8000

# Serve the static site with Python's built-in HTTP server
CMD ["python", "-m", "http.server", "8000", "--directory", "output"]